"Various works
on the subject of Apocalyptic or general prophecy, such
as those of Jurieu, Bossuet, Semler, Sir Isaac Newton,
Dr. S. Lee.." (xxi)
"For
many years I have rejected unhesitatingly, and on what
seem to myself to be most valid and satisfactory
grounds, the notion,— might I not even be justified in
calling it the fable ? — of this Book having been
composed towards the close of the first century, A. D.
95 or 96, or thereabouts. Evidence to substantiate this,
which is the common opinion, is, it appears to me,
totally a-wanting. Events connected with the destruction
of Jerusalem, and the passing away, at that era, of the
Old Testament economy, are in more than one part of it
clearly and strikingly spoken of, as matters of future
occurrence : and if so, it must have proceeded from the
pen of inspiration before A. D. 69 or 70 ; unless we
feel disposed to impute to the Holy Ghost the uttering
of prophecies subsequently to their accomplishment. Can
it be shewn satisfactorily, indeed, that any of the New
Testament records were composed at a later period than
the one which has just been indicated ? I believe not."
(pp. 8-9)
The fact is,
that, while the composition of the Apocalypse preceded
the period of Jerusalem's destruction, A. D. 69, and
while it had for one object, among other and far more
important ones, to prepare the minds of the disciples
for that rapidly approaching event, and the consequences
which were therein involved, it was intended not to be
subservient to other inspired writings, but to be the
consummation of them all. As respects the passing away
of the Mosaic economy, it was to be the final warning.
Hence the Apocalypse is, as on the face of our Bibles it
appears to be, the last specimen of prophetic
inspiration; and its grand object, as may afterwards be
shewn, is to serve as a summary and exponent of all that
had gone before. (p. 12)
"By some, the
whole Book is considered to have received its
accomplishment in the fact, and at the period of
Jerusalem's destruction. Among the American
Universalists of the Ballou school, this view is just
now very prevalent. Similar, also, judging from
Wilkinson's "Last Days," and Mr. Stark's writings, I
take to be the opinion of the Salemites, a recent sect,
having its locality chiefly in Devonshire. Pushed to an
extreme is this theory, in " The Second Coming of Jesus
Christ a Past Event," by Robert Townley, A.B., 1845.
These notions may have sprung up in the minds of modern
enquirers, from a perusal of the Scriptures themselves.
For my own part, however, I am inclined to think, that,
although perhaps unconsciously, they have had their
origin in theories propounded, and in views entertained
and promulgated, by Grotius, Hammond, and others, two
centuries ago. Maintained, afterwards, by Le Clerc ; and
revived, in our own days, in a modified form, by
Michaelis and some of the other divines of Germany, from
whom Professor Moses Stuart, of Andover, U. S., appears
to have borrowed them." (p. 13-14)
"Dr. Lee, the
learned Professor of Arabic in the University of
Cambridge, I may fairly rank among this class of
theologians. To him, evidently, do the Salemites owe
much of what is valuable—almost all, indeed, that
appears to carry with it any weight—an their views and
writings. Only let this, with regard to the Doctor, be
observed, that in his admirable " Dissertation on
Prophecy," contained in the volume entitled "Six
Sermons," &c., published by him, at London, in 1830, he
makes admissions respecting instances of the fulfilment
of prophecy, subsequently to the destruction of
Jerusalem, which, notwithstanding the ingenuity of his
attempts to account for them, seem to be inconsistent
with, and destructive of his general theory." (p.
14-15)